This diagram appears in a 1673 Portuguese composition inscribed to the Conde de Villaflor. The title explains, “Each circle is a verse, each verse two anagrams. The letters are composed by the numbers and the numbers by the letter, on the periphery of this globe.”
Ana Hatherly explains:
Following the instructions we can read around the outer circle the words ‘DOM SANCHO MANOEL.’ To each of the letters of this name a number is attributed, so that we have the numbers from 1 to 15, corresponding to the letters over which they are placed. In the inner circles those numbers are to be retranslated into letters and, if the reader does so, he will decipher the riddle and end up with the announced sonnet, in which the name DOM SANCHO MANOEL is found in an acrostic and in the twenty-eight anagrams (two in each line) formed by the combination of letters in those words.
Hatherly, a professor of Baroque literature at UC Berkeley, discovered the solution in an 18th-century manuscript:
D
O Onde nam macho o sol o sol manchandome;
M mancha nem dolo so nem sol mo achando:
S sol como de manhan nam escolho, mando:
A achem. Mando no sol Solon chamandome
N Nome mancha do sol no cham. Sol andome
C chamando sol nem o encham o sol. Mando
H homem os do cannal nos mostre chamando
O oh do mesmo cannal com al sonhandome,
M Mancha medo no sol, sol nam, chamo onde
A achem damno no sol, nem sol chamando
N nam ilho escondam o sol, nome dam ancho
O Onde o sol mancham, mal o sol ham conde
E echo nam dam no sol em sol manchando
L lem coando sonham no Leam Dom Sancho.
(From Merald E. Wrolstad and Dick Higgins, Visible Language, 1986.)
